Common law is basically a historic way of precedent-based governing, where the model is set by higher courts and is also reversible by them only.
What Is Common Law?
Common law is an assortment of unwritten laws dependent on lawful precedent set up by the courts. Common law impacts the dynamic cycle in uncommon situations where the result can’t be resolved depending on existing rules or composed standards of law.
The U.S. customary law framework advanced from a British convention that spread to North America during the 17th and 18th century colonial period. Common law is likewise practiced in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, India, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.
Common law, also called case law, depends on detailed records of comparative circumstances and resolutions on the grounds that there is no official legitimate code that can apply to a case nearby.
The appointed authority managing a case figures out which precedent applies to that specific case. The model set by higher courts is official on cases attempted in lower courts. This framework advances dependability and consistency in the U.S. legal justice system.
Common Law Tradition
Somewhat English American common law follows its foundations to the middle age thought that the law as passed on from the ruler’s courts spoke to the common custom of the people. It advanced mainly from three English Crown courts of the 12th and 13th centuries: the Exchequer, the King’s Bench, and the Common Pleas. These courts inevitably expected jurisdiction over questions recently chosen by local or manorial courts, for example, baronial, guild and forest courts, whose jurisdiction was restricted geographically.
Common law courts base their choices on earlier legal proclamations instead of on administrative institutions. Where a statute governs the dispute, judicial interpretation of that statute determines how the law applies. Common law judges depend on their predecessors’ choices of genuine contentions, as opposed to on theoretical codes or messages, to manage them in applying the law.
Which of the following is true about the Common Law System?
- Unlike the civil law system, juries are not used in the common law system.
- Judges in a common law system have the power to interpret the common law so that it applies to the unique circumstances of an individual case.
- In the common law system, the judge is responsible for gathering any evidence.
- In the common law system, judges have opportunities to make law through their decisions.
- Unlike the civil law system, judges are trained and tested rather than being appointed or elected.
The correct answer among the statements is 2: judges in a common law system have the power to interpret the common law so that it applies to the unique circumstances of an individual case.
This is because the precedent-based law framework is based, most importantly, on the investigation of legal sentences passed on by similar courts or one of its higher courts (those to which choices made by said court can be offered) and on the translations that in these sentences are given from the laws. This is the reason the laws can be vague in numerous regards, as the courts are relied upon to explain them (or they have just done as such in the past, however comparable, laws).
Then again, there are legal translations that make new legitimate figures, which first and foremost was the standard, yet today is the exemption. Nonetheless, the classification that perceives as a legal offense, for instance, the offense made by law, is kept up. As of now, it is significantly more typical for laws to make totally new figures or to normalize and set the principles recently settled by court sentences.
Which of the following statements is true of Civil Law?
- Precedent is the most important official source of civil law.
- The judicial branch can create its own law.
- Civil law deals with the enforcement or protection of private rights.
- Juries are used as fact finders.
Civil laws deal with disputes and conflicts between people and organizations, where the plaintiff has suffered some sort of loss at the hands of the defendant. The private relations between members of the community are resolved under the civil law.
Which of the following is the UN’s Lawmaking Body?
- United Nations Security Council
- General Assembly
The General Assembly is the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the UN. All 193 Member States of the UN are represented in the General Assembly, making it the only UN body with universal representation.
Natural Law Examples
Natural law is a concept that was driven from the ancient times of Plato and Aristotle, which is a philosophical concept where the morals of human nature define acts and behaviors. These laws decide what is right or wrong on the basis of ethics and morals, and are made by human nature, not by courts.
Natural laws are inherent to human nature, for instance it is common for everyone to know that it isn’t morally or ethically right for someone to kill another human being. Or when you know that getting drunk is wrong because a human loses their mental capacity, and could harm themselves or another person under influence.
There are several different examples of natural law, some that were defined in the ancient times, and most that we see today in our daily lives too. Helping a blind lady cross the road, or giving up your seat for a disabled person on the bus is considered good and ethically decent, thus it is a part of natural law.
Conclusion
In simple words, for cases where a regular law isn’t sufficient, courts- under the common law system- may tweak the laws a bit to reach a fair verdict. Common law draws from institutionalized opinions and interpretations from judicial authorities and public juries. For civil lawsuits, cases like torts and contract breach are very common, and their punishment is usually heavy fines. Both types are considered crimes and are punished in courts.
